Burner.



No. 740,017. PATENTED SEPT.- 29. 1903. A. H. HUMPHREY.

BURNER.

APPLIOAT-ION FILED D30. 29, 1900.

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UNITED STATES Iatented September 29, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 740,617, dated September 29, 1903.

Application filed December 29, 1900. Serial No. 41 488i (No modem To all whom itmay concern.-

Be it known that I, ALFRED H. HUMPHREY', a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Kalamazoo, in the county of Kalamazoo and State of Michigan, have invented cerbe entirely dispensed with and a small globe can be used for a single burner or a large globe can be used to embrace a cluster of burners, though of course the advantages of the burner are available with a close-fitting chimney as well.

The invention also relates to adaptations of the globe-holder to various adjustments. .and means ofv support for the various parts and for the mantle in addition to the improvements in the burner proper.

The objects of the invention are, first, to provide an improved construction of burner in which the admixture of the air with the gas is greatly facilitated; second, to provide a structure in which the jets of the flame are delivered in a-forceful gyratory.manner,, whereby the gas and air are forcibly inter-.

mingled at the point of combustion and all heat zonesin the flame substantially destroyed and the full heat delivered against the mantle to secure the full heating effect of jects will definitely appear in the detailed dc= scription to follow. I accomplish these objects of my invention by the devices and ing the features of my invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which Figure l is a vertical detail elevation view,

'partially in section, of my improved clusterlight, taken on a line corresponding to line 1 1 of Fig. 2, the burners and their support being-shown in full lines and the mantles being indicated by dotted lines.

Fig. 2 is a transverse detail view, taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1, looking down, the mantles and mantle-supports being omitted from the figure.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail vertical sectional elevation through one of the burners and the central support, taken 011 a-line corresponding to line 3 3 of Fig. 2, looking toward the right, the mantle being omitted and various parts being shown in detail. Fig. 4is an enlarged detail-view through the lighting device, taken on line corresponding to line 4. 4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a detail view of the upper globe-support appearing in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the burner-tip with the central cap omitted, showing the form and direction of thedischarge-aperture. Fig. 7 is a plan view of the screen L, showing the peculiar formation of the same to cause the minimum obstruction to the gas and also to assist in inducing the gyratory effect. Fig. 8 is a detail View of the centrally-located mantle-holder employed in connection with my improved burners. Fig. 9'is a plan View of the caps to the pilot-light, showing the perforations for operating the platinum igniter above and the jets from the pilot-light proper for igniting the various burners. Fig. 10 is a modification of the burner-tip appearing in Fig. 6, showing the same much reduced in size, which is possible on account of the gyratory motion given to the jets of flame which throw the heat outwardly against the mantle and secure the proper incandescence of the same.

In the drawiugs'similar letters of reference refer to similar parts throughout the several views, and the sectional views are taken looking in the direction of the little arrows at the ends of the section-lines.

Referring to the lettered parts of the drawings, G is the gas-pipe, which also in this connection serves as the central support for the cluster of burners. A small bracket H, with the valve H, is secured to the bottom of the pipe G, and radial arms I are inserted into the same and support the individual burners at their outer ends. Needle-valves, made up of the cap I, having the central aperture,and the valve mem bera, screw-threaded to extend into the aperture from the under side, which is centrally located, are provided for each burner to regulate it or shut it oif. A spring a is on the member a to serve as a lock or tension device to hold the needle-point in adjustment.

Surrounding the cap 1 is the tube J, containing spiral corrugations and having perforations J at the bottom for the admission of air. The spiral corrugations are slight at the bottom and deep at the top, and thus force the air inwardly to secure a perfect admixture with the gas.

Supported on the upper end of the tube J and easily removable therefrom by a slipjoint is a tube K, larger at the top than at the bottom to accommodate the expansion of the gas as it becomes heated on its way to the burner-tip.

A wire screen L, which is corrugated spirally and extended upwardly into a somewhat conical form, is placed at the upper end of the tube K, which still further assists in the rotation of the mixed air and gas. A cap L is over this, forming a chamber ofconsiderable size, and the burner-tip L" is supported on the cap L. The burner-tip is somewhat conical in form and contains perforations or slits opening outwardly tangentially, somewhat like the blades of'a turbine, delivering the jets of gas in such a manner as to cause a rotatiou, which, reacting against the inflow of air when the jets are lighted, causes the flame to take a globular or cylindrical form, hollow at the center. This has the effect of completely admixing the gas with the air, so-that the flame produced is very hot and homogeneous, having no perceptible zones in its upperpart,d ue to heat orimperfect mixture,and, being projected against the mantle, heats the same to a very high temperature for its entire surface, causing the entire mantle to become incandescent and causing every part to deliver a dazzlingly-brilliant light. The heat is most intense at the mantle, because that is the point of most active, thorough, and complete combustion, due to the thorough ad mixture of gas and air due to the rotation. The mantle serves to deflect and guide the gymtory flame, so that the complete combustion takes place on the surface of the same.

To support the mantle above this burner, I provide a central rod 1 which fits into a socket d, supported on the cap or top of the burner-tipL. Thesocketispreferablyscrewthreaded to adjust the height of the mantle properly over the burner.

I have found that if the mantle is put exactly in position and the coating of paraflin or other supporting material is burned away the base of the mantle is likely to shrink tight onto the top of the burner or to become cemented there and cause breakage. I therefore have provided a means of supporting the mantle entirely above the burner during the consumption ofthis supporting material. This consists in providing a longitudinal slot (1 in the socket d and providing a little pintle or lug t" on the side of the central support 2', which when the support is turned will allow the same to dropinto the socket to lower the burned-01f mantle to the proper position over the burner-tip. The top of the support 2 is provided with a fork'n or other suitable means for engaging the loop of the mantle.

A pilot-light is provided above the valve H, consisting of the tube N, leading off to one side and having a vertical tube M, extending upward y therefrom and terminating in a suitably-perforated cap, above which may be supported an automatic igniter O, of spongy platinum, or the pilot-light can be left burning continuously. A valve is provided with this pilot-light, consisting of the casing M and the needle-pointed stem e. This is held normally upward by the spring e inside of a tube M. A screw-threaded collar 0 fits on the stem of this valve and is held adjustably in position by the set-screw c. When the automatic igniter is used, this valve is set normally closed and is opened by pulling down on the part c, which will light the pilot. This can be pulled down to increase the size of the light temporarily when the pilot is left burning continuously. The valve H is of course controlled by a suitable lever, as S, with chains S S connected thereto. The chain r is connected to the valve of the pilotlight.

To the lower end of the pipe G and central of the burner a pin P, reduced to a neck at P, is provided for supporting the globe and lower burner-casing.- This consists of a perforated cylindrical part A, having a bottom A, provided with a downwardly-extending central sleeve having a set-screw. A shield B surrounds this perforated part and is supported by radial pins B. The globe A is secured to the cylindrical part A by suitable set-screws. Resting on the top of the globe is a cylindrical perforated part 0. This is protected by the shield D, supported by radial pins D a little distance therefrom. An upper shade or shield F is secured to the central pipe G to permit the necessary circulation and aiford protection for the parts. A ring E, of corrugated metal, is supported on radial pins E E, connected to a collar E,

ICO

which is secured to the central support G by a suitable set-screw. This ring E conforms to the. globe and forms a perfect support therefor, and the many points of contact of the is arranged upon the pipe Gabove the burn- -ers to deflect or guide the currents of heated air and gases outwardly from the center to prevent the'draft of the burners deflecting the mantles toward the central support, the deflector servingto keep the current straight up above each burner of the cluster. The burners will be found to operate very well without the deflector, but much better with it. Having thus described the various parts of my improved cluster-burner, I will state the operation of the same. Y

The pilot is first lighted by pulling down on the chain'r, and then the gas is turned on to all of the burners, which are at once lighted, the needle-valve to each burner having been in the first place properly adjusted. A jet of gas is then delivered centrally upward through the spirally-corrugated tube J. The

corrugations induce a rotation of the gas and air within, which facilitates the mixing of the same. This passes upward, still rotating,- through the part K, past the screen at L,

which is also provided with spiral corruga tions and made conical and perforated to retard the flow of gas as little as possible. The

mixture thus having'received a rotary motion then passes out at the burner-tip L", which, as clearly appears in Fig. 6, has openings to deliver the current of gas tangentially to its periphery or outer conical surface. This increases the rotation, and as the gas is ignited at this point the tendency of the heat is to cause an inward and upward flow of theflame,

which, being resistedby the tangential discharge of the burner, results in the formation of a hollow cylinder'orsphere of flame thor oughly aerated, due to the breaking-up action of the resulting forces, which results inan intensely-hot and homogeneous flame in-the form of a hollow cylinder or sphere, which when the size of the burner and mantle are [properly proportioned results in an intense heating of the entire mantle. This gyration of the currents also prevents the inward pressure of the air contracting the mantle, and,

in fact, expands the same, causingit to keep its form and present a broader surface for the delivery of the light.

I desire to remark that the burner-tip constructed in this way would be quite effective no matter what the construction of the lower part of the burner might be. I also desire to remark that the rotary motion of the-advanc ing currents below the burner-tip insures the thorough admixture of gas and air, which would greatly increase the eflicien'cy, no mat; ter what form was given to the burner tips, but that the twocoact togetherto securethe most perfect result, and when the mantleis present the result is a wall of intensely-hot flame, the hottest portion of which is prac tically coincident with the mantle, themantle serving to arrest the flame, so that the combustion is practically completed at its surface. This gyratory or rotary effect makes protection there furnished can be entirely omitted for indoor use. The only thing then necessary would be proper support for the globe, which of course is preferably support:

ed on the depending part P, as here illustrated. M

I desire to remark that the screen L can be omitted, and by making the slits of the burner narrow and close togethertheyrwill accomplish the same result. safest, however. a

This burner isadapted not only to gas v lamps pure and simple, but to gasolene-lamps and any lamp using hydrocarbon as a fuel. Idesireto call attention to my copendingap- -plication filed April 4, 1901, Serial No. 54,271, in which I have claimed the burner-tip con- 'struction and particular constructions of the mixing-tube, also to my copeudingapplica' tions filed July 31, 1902, Serial No. 117,781 in which Ihave claimedthe general structure of my lamp herein illustrated and also the valve construction,- and Serial No.' 1 17,7,82,,

in which I claim illustrated.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- v 1. In a cluster-light, the combination of the the igniter structure herein central pipe Gwith the downwardly-extend- The screen is.

ing supporting-tip P; the cluster of lights 7 connected by the radial arms to the lower part of said pipe G; a globe-holder connectedto the said supporting-tip and extending upwardly around the base of the. burners;

the globe'A"; the corrugated ring E sup-v ported on the pipe G above the burners, and

arranged within the globe; and a suitable shield for the top of the same as specified.

2. In a burner, the combination of a cen.

trally-located needle-valve in the lower part of said burner; a spirally-corrugated tube above said valve with air-openings at its base; a removable wide-mouthed tube secured on the spirally-corrugated tube by a suitable slip 9 joint; a spirally-corrugated screen above said tube; a cap L surrounding said screen; and a burner on said cap with outwardly-directed tangential openings for the discharge of the mixed air and gas whereby the flame will be caused to rotate and form a hollow cylinder or ball, for the purpose specified.

3. In a burner, the combination of a centrally-located needle-valve in the lower part of said burner; a spirally-corrugated tube above said valve with airopenings at its base; a removable wide-mouthed tube secured on the spirally-corrugated tube; a cap L; and a burner-tip on said cap with outwardly-directed tangential openings for the discharge of the mixed gas and air and whereby the flame will be caused to rotate and form a hollow cylinder or ball, for the purpose specified.

4. In a burner, the combination of a centrally-located needle-valve in the lower part of said burner; a spirally-corrugated tube above said valve with air-openings at its base; a removable wide-mouthed tube secured on the spirally-corrugated tube; a cap L; and a burner-tip on said cap, for the purpose specified.

5. In a burner, a base having a centrallylocated passage for gas; a mixing-tube having spiral corrugations above said gas-passage and having air-inlet openings at its base, opposite the gas-passage; and a suitable burner at the top.

6. In a burner, a base having a centrallylocated passage for gas; a mixing-tube having spiral corrugations above said gas-passage and having air-inlet openings at its base, the corrugations increasing in depth from the bottom upward; and a suitable burner at the top.

7. In a burner the combination of a central socket d with a vertical slot (1; central mantle-support 'i with a projecting pin 7) arranged to drop into the slot (1 to lower the mantle to its proper position on the burner after it has been burned 01$.

8. In a burner the combination of an adj ustable screw-threaded socket d with a vertical slot d; central mantle-support i with a laterally-projecting pin 1' arranged to drop into the slot (1 to lower the mantle to its proper position on the burner after it has been burned off.

9. In a cluster-lamp, the combination of a plurality of burners having mantles thereon, grouped about a central support; a globe surrounding all of said mantles; and a deflector supported by and extending outward from said central support arranged above said burners to throw the current of gas or air outward and keep the draft through and surrounding the mantles vertical.

10. In a gas-burner, the combination of the pipe with an enlarged cup within the same, forming a trap above the burner and in proximity thereto, to collect the water of condensation so that it will be evaporated on the lighting of the burner, for the purpose specified.

11. The combination with a suitable gas lamp or burner of a suitable trap above the same and in proximity thereto to receive the heat thereof, whereby any moisture condensed in the pipe will be-evaporated by the heat of the burner, for the purpose specified.

12. The combination of a Bunsen burner, the tip of which is provided with apertures toward its periphery directed tangentially and outwardly to induce a rotation of the flame; a mantle supported above said burner positioned to receive the said rotating flame; and a globe or chimney surrounding said mantle to protect the mantle from injury, and separated from it to such an extent as to avoid upward draft.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal in the presence of two witnesses.

\Vitnesses:

KATE A. I-IUMPHREY, OTIS A. EARL. 

